The 2010 Mercedes-Benz E-Class marked a significant leap in automotive engineering, blending luxury with cutting-edge technology. For enthusiasts and those in the car detailing world, understanding the underpinnings of this vehicle – its chassis, engine, and performance systems – is crucial. This article delves into the technical sophistication of the 2010 E-Class, providing a comprehensive overview of its key mechanical features.
Advanced Chassis and Suspension Systems
The foundation of the 2010 E-Class’s refined driving experience lies in its meticulously engineered chassis and suspension systems. Mercedes-Benz implemented a range of innovative technologies to ensure both comfort and dynamic handling.
Double-Link Strut Front Suspension
At the front, the E-Class utilizes a double-link strut suspension system. This design departs from the traditional single “A” arm strut by incorporating two lower links paired with a coil spring strut, gas-pressurized twin-tube shocks, and a stabilizer bar. This configuration enhances impact absorption during frontal collisions, contributing to improved safety. Furthermore, the reduced mass of these components allows for more precise wheel control and damping, minimizing sensitivity to wheel imbalances and brake fluctuations. The forward links are constructed from forged aluminum, while the rearward links are made of forged steel, optimizing strength and weight distribution.
The strut tops connect to the body via triple-path head bearings. Spring forces are channeled directly into the body structure. Damping forces, managed by the shock absorber piston rod, pass through a rubber bushing integrated with the bearing for smooth steering. Forces exceeding normal suspension travel are directed through a buffer stop directly to the vehicle body.
All front suspension components are mounted to a high-strength steel subframe, which also supports the engine, transmission, and the front-mounted aluminum rack-and-pinion steering unit.
Refined Multi-Link Rear Suspension
The rear suspension of the 2010 E-Class features a refined version of Mercedes-Benz’s patented five-link design. This system, constructed with variable-thickness sheet steel, includes a lightweight subframe that supports the suspension links and rear final drive gears. Significant revisions were made to the links, wheel carriers, and struts for this model year. While most rear suspension links are steel, a specific link designed for stretching and compression forces, but not bending, is made from forged aluminum to further reduce weight.
AGILITY CONTROL Suspension
Standard on the E350 sedan and coupe models, AGILITY CONTROL suspension offers a versatile balance between ride comfort and handling performance with a conventional coil-spring setup. This system incorporates a small piston connected to a bypass port within each shock absorber’s hydraulic circuit. During normal driving conditions, this design provides a softer, more compliant ride, minimizing road noise and vibrations. However, when encountering more demanding conditions such as dips or winding roads, the system automatically engages full shock damping to maintain optimal control and stability.
For drivers seeking a sportier feel in the E350 coupe, an upgrade to the AGILITY CONTROL Sport Suspension is available, featuring stiffer damping characteristics. The E550 Coupe elevates performance further with the Dynamic Handling suspension, which includes electronically adjustable shock absorbers and modified throttle response for enhanced driver engagement.
AIRMATIC Air Suspension
Exclusive to V8 sedans (standard on the E550 and E63 AMG), the AIRMATIC air suspension system replaces traditional coil springs with compressed air in specialized rubber bellows. This sophisticated system provides computer-controlled springing and damping simultaneously. An electric compressor actively charges the struts with compressed air via fast-acting solenoid valves while the vehicle is in motion. These valves precisely regulate air volume, and consequently, air pressure and spring rate. A central charge valve integrates a pressure sensor and connectors for the polyamide plastic pneumatic lines. At low speeds or when stationary, the system utilizes pressure from an accumulator (central reservoir) at 227 psi (16 bar) to ensure rapid and quiet ride height adjustments.
Comfort and Sport Dynamics with AIRMATIC
The AIRMATIC system offers a unique dual capability, effectively providing both a comfort-oriented and a sport-tuned suspension within a single system. It intelligently resolves the typical compromise between ride comfort and dynamic handling by continuously adjusting spring and damping rates based on driving inputs and road conditions. In typical driving scenarios, the full air volume remains active, delivering optimal comfort akin to soft-rate conventional springs. During spirited cornering, however, AIRMATIC momentarily reduces the air volume, increasing the spring rate for firmer handling and reduced body roll and pitch. Air reservoirs are integrated into the front spring struts and remotely mounted on the rear subframe.
The suspension computer processes data from body level sensors (two at the front, one at the rear), three body-mounted acceleration sensors, and a steering angle sensor. This comprehensive data set enables the system to determine the necessary shock absorber force and spring rate in real-time.
Solenoid valves on the shock absorbers provide four distinct levels of damping, selected by the computer based on sensor inputs, with damping rates switchable in under 0.05 seconds. These damping levels are:
- Stage 1: Soft compression and rebound for steady-state driving.
- Stage 2: Soft rebound combined with hard compression damping.
- Stage 3: Soft compression with hard rebound damping.
- Stage 4: Hard rebound and compression for maximum stiffness during cornering.
The E-Class primarily utilizes Stage 1 for minor body movements during consistent driving. When body movement speed exceeds a threshold, the system dynamically switches between Stage 2 and Stage 3 to compensate for pitch and roll.
Driver-Selectable Damping
The AIRMATIC system further allows drivers to personalize their driving experience with two selectable damping settings: Comfort and Sport. These settings adjust the thresholds for switching between the four damping stages and modify the spring rate. In Sport mode, the firmer spring and damping stages engage earlier compared to Comfort mode, and the vehicle’s body is lowered by 0.6 inches for a more aggressive stance and improved aerodynamics. Damping and springing remain consistently firmer in this mode.
Automatic level control maintains consistent spring travel regardless of vehicle load. For navigating rough terrain, drivers can raise the vehicle body by one inch with a button. The system automatically reverts to normal ride height if the speed exceeds approximately 75 mph briefly or remains at 50 mph or higher for over five minutes.
Braking System
All 2010 E-Class models are equipped with four-wheel vented disc brakes and a tandem vacuum brake booster. E350 models feature single-piston floating calipers at the front, while the E550 upgrades to four-piston fixed calipers for enhanced braking performance. The high-performance E63 AMG boasts perforated, vented discs with six-piston calipers at the front and four-piston calipers at the rear, providing exceptional stopping power to match its dynamic capabilities.
Wheels and Tires
The E350 and E550 Luxury sedans are fitted with 17-inch wheels and 245/45 all-season tires. Sport sedan models and the E63 AMG sedan come with 18-inch wheels and staggered-width tires (245/40 front, 265/35 rear). E350 coupes are standard with 17-inch wheels and staggered-width tires (235/45 front, 255/40 rear). E350 coupes with the optional Appearance Package and E550 coupes are equipped with 18-inch wheels and staggered-width tires (235/40 front, 255/35 rear).
Tire Pressure Monitoring System
The 2010 E-Class incorporates a Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) to enhance safety and tire longevity. Sensors inside each tire (mounted on the inner wheel) wirelessly transmit data on tire pressure, temperature, rotation direction, and a unique ID to a control unit above the rear axle. If significant pressure loss occurs, a “Check Tires” warning appears in the central display. Rapid pressure loss triggers a “Caution Tire Failure” warning. Warnings automatically clear when correct tire pressure is restored. The system also provides individual tire pressure readings.
Fuel Efficiency Enhancements
Several refinements contribute to the 2010 E-Class’s impressive fuel economy:
- On-Demand Power Steering Pump: A bypass valve in the power steering pump delivers hydraulic pressure only during steering maneuvers. This minimizes engine power draw when driving straight.
- Intelligent Alternator Control: The alternator disengages when the battery charge is at least 80 percent, recharging only during deceleration or braking.
- Variable Electric Fuel Pump: The electric fuel pump operates on an on-demand basis, reducing alternator load.
- Low-Friction Final Drive Gears: Modified final drive gears reduce friction, requiring less engine energy.
Mercedes-Benz also emphasizes environmental responsibility. An impressive 85 percent of the E-Class materials are recyclable. Mercedes-Benz is the only automotive brand globally with ISO 14062 environmental certification, recognizing comprehensive environmental compatibility from manufacturing to recycling.
V6 Engine Performance
The E350 sedan and coupe are powered by a 3.5-liter all-aluminum V6 engine, delivering 268 horsepower and 258 lb-ft of torque. Maximum torque is available across a broad range, from 2,400 rpm to 5,000 rpm, with 87 percent of peak torque accessible from just 1,500 rpm.
DOHC and Variable Valve Timing
The V6 engine features a Double Overhead Camshaft (DOHC) layout, enabling variable intake and exhaust valve timing. Separate camshafts for intake and exhaust valves, along with variable valve timing, contribute to the engine’s broad torque curve. A two-stage intake manifold and intake tumble flaps further enhance performance.
Tumble Flaps for Improved Combustion
Innovative tumble flaps in the intake passages near the combustion chamber optimize fuel efficiency. These flaps pivot open under partial load, creating turbulence around the intake valve and in the combustion chamber, improving combustion. At higher engine loads, the flaps recess into the intake manifold walls. While enhancing torque, the primary function of tumble flaps is to improve fuel economy by approximately two percent.
Engine Construction and Components
The V6 engine features a forged crankshaft with four main bearings within an all-aluminum engine block. Wide main-bearing saddles and transverse bearing supports minimize vibration. A balance shaft, counter-rotating at crankshaft speed, is installed between cylinder banks to counteract inherent 90-degree V6 vibrations. This balance shaft is driven by a double chain connected to the crankshaft and camshafts.
Lightweight iron-coated aluminum pistons connect to forged steel connecting rods, which are approximately 20 percent lighter than comparable rods. The aluminum-silicon engine block utilizes etched cylinder bores to expose a silicon surface, providing a durable, low-friction running surface for piston rings. This design also reduces block weight by nearly seven pounds compared to conventional cylinder sleeves.
Twin camshafts are installed in each cylinder head, driven by a double chain for the intake camshafts. Helical gears on the intake cams drive the exhaust camshafts.
Exhaust System and Emissions
All 2010 E-Class models utilize a dual exhaust system. This system includes a catalytic converter and front muffler on each side, flowing into a center muffler and catalyst before splitting into two rear mufflers. This design balances power and fuel economy with noise reduction and emissions control. The E-Class coupe features a sportier exhaust note.
V8 Engine Power
The E550 sedan and coupe are powered by a 5.5-liter V8 engine (M273), producing 382 horsepower and 391 lb-ft of torque. Peak torque is available from 2,800 rpm to 4,800 rpm. This engine features dual overhead camshafts per cylinder bank, variable valve timing for intake and exhaust, and lightweight design elements including an aluminum block and cylinder heads, and low-friction silicon-aluminum cylinder liners. Intake tumble flaps and a two-stage intake manifold further optimize power and efficiency.
Advanced Valve Technology
While Mercedes-Benz previously utilized three-valve cylinder technology, advancements in emissions control allowed for a higher-flow four-valve architecture in this engine family. In addition to internal exhaust gas recirculation and secondary air injection, the V8 engine uses two close-coupled catalysts with linear oxygen sensors for effective emissions management.
Variable Valve Timing for Performance and Efficiency
Electro-hydraulic vane-type adjusters adjust valve timing within a 40-degree range on the V8 engine. At partial throttle, valve timing optimizes internal exhaust gas recirculation, reducing emissions and improving fuel economy. Approaching full throttle, valve timing adjusts for maximum power output. Valve stems are minimized to 6mm diameter to optimize airflow, and valves are angled at 28.5 degrees for combustion chamber efficiency.
Tumble Flaps and Two-Stage Intake Manifold
Similar to the V6, the V8 engine incorporates tumble flaps to enhance fuel efficiency by improving combustion under partial loads. A two-stage magnesium intake manifold further broadens the torque curve. At lower engine speeds, flaps close off short intake passages, forcing air through longer routes to enhance low-end torque. Above 3,500 rpm, these flaps open, allowing air to flow through shorter paths for increased horsepower, especially at higher speeds.
V8 Engine Assembly
The V8 engine utilizes a forged crankshaft with five main bearings within an all-aluminum block. Silitek cylinder liners provide a durable, low-friction surface. Aluminum pistons and forged steel connecting rods contribute to weight reduction. Twin camshafts are installed in each cylinder head, with intake cams driven by a double chain and gears driving the exhaust cams. Double-wall exhaust piping maintains exhaust gas temperature for efficient catalyst operation. Twin catalytic converters and oxygen sensors manage emissions.
E63 AMG Sedan: High-Performance Engineering
The 2010 Mercedes-Benz E63 AMG sedan represents a significant upgrade over standard E-Class models, engineered by AMG, Mercedes-Benz’s high-performance division. Beyond a more powerful engine, the E63 AMG features comprehensive enhancements to brakes, wheels, tires, and transmission.
MCT Transmission with AMG Speedshift
The E63 AMG features a seven-speed MCT (Multi-Clutch Technology) transmission with AMG Speedshift. This transmission replaces a conventional torque converter with a wet start-up clutch, providing the direct feedback of a manual transmission with the convenience of an automatic. The low-mass clutch enables instantaneous response. Four driving modes (“C”, “S”, “S+”, “M”) are selectable via the AMG DRIVE UNIT. Partial cylinder suppression during gearshifts under full load contributes to faster shift times. In “M” mode, shifts occur in 100 milliseconds. “Controlled Efficiency” mode (“C”) prioritizes fuel efficiency with smooth, early upshifts. The MCT transmission also offers fast, precise multiple downshifts, automatic rev-matching, and RACE START launch control.
Enhanced Body and Suspension
The E63 AMG body features flared front fenders for a 2.2-inch wider track, along with AMG-specific front and rear aprons, and side skirts with a black diffuser insert. The suspension utilizes new coil-spring struts and control arms at the front, and AMG-specific air springs at the rear, balancing handling and load-leveling. The speed-sensitive power rack-and-pinion steering is 22 percent quicker than other E-Class models, with a 14:1 ratio.
AMG Interior and Features
The E63 AMG interior includes bolstered leather sport seats, an AMG instrument cluster, a four-spoke sport steering wheel, brushed stainless door sills, and a sport pedal cluster. The AMG “Drive Unit” provides one-touch shifting logic and controls for shift modes, suspension modes, ESP stability control, and RACESTART.
AMG 6.3-Liter V8 Engine
The E63 AMG is powered by a 6.3-liter V8 engine, the first engine developed entirely by AMG. This naturally aspirated engine produces 518 horsepower and 465 lb-ft of torque, revving to over 7,000 rpm and delivering nearly 90 percent of peak torque at 2,000 rpm. It shares no components with standard Mercedes-Benz V8 engines and accelerates the E63 AMG from 0 to 60 mph in 4.4 seconds.
Racing-Derived Engine Technology
The 6.3-liter V8 incorporates racing-derived features. Constructed from high-strength silicon-aluminum alloy, it features four valves per cylinder, DOHC with variable valve timing, bucket tappets, an 11.3:1 compression ratio, and a variable intake manifold. A production engine first, it utilizes twin-wire-arc-sprayed (TWAS) cylinder bores for low friction and twice the hardness of cast-iron cylinders.
Crankcase Bedplate and Racing Crankshaft
The AMG engine uses a rigid one-piece bedplate instead of individual main bearing caps for enhanced strength at high RPM. The bedplate sandwiches the crankshaft between engine block sections. The forged steel crankshaft features heavy metal plugs in the counterweights, reducing rotational inertia and oil drag, a feature typically found in racing engines.
Forged connecting rods are laser-cracked for precise fitting and strength. Lightweight pistons and connecting rods are weight-matched for smooth high-speed operation. Oil nozzles cool piston crowns.
TWAS Cylinder Bores and Vertical Ports
TWAS cylinder bores provide low friction and durability. The engine block and cylinder heads are cast from aluminum-silicon alloys. The TWAS process involves roughening cylinder bores with a water jet, then spraying molten metal using electrode wires and atomizing gas to create a hard coating. Honing exposes micro-pores for oil retention. Vertical intake and exhaust ports, adapted from racing designs, optimize airflow. A patented dual-length intake manifold is part of this system.
Valve Train and Variable Valve Timing
The AMG engine features a sophisticated valve train with bucket followers instead of rocker arms, enabling large valve openings and high-speed operation. Hydraulic lifters maintain valve clearance for service intervals. Variable intake and exhaust valve timing maximizes efficiency and torque across the RPM range, adjusted by electro-hydraulic vane-type adjusters.
Seven-Speed Automatic Transmission
All 2010 E-Class sedans and coupes are equipped with a Mercedes-Benz seven-speed automatic transmission. Compared to other transmissions, the seven-speed enhances vehicle speed and economy while providing smooth gearshifts. Seven gear ratios offer a wider spread between first and top gear, allowing smaller engine speed increases during acceleration. This provides electronic control unit flexibility to maximize fuel economy and improve transmission reaction time.
Multi-Gear Downshifting and Lock-Up Clutch
The seven-speed transmission can skip up to three gear ratios during downshifts for quicker acceleration. It uses a hydrodynamic torque converter with a lock-up clutch for fuel efficiency. The lock-up clutch engages in all seven gears, eliminating torque converter slippage and providing direct connection like a manual transmission when engaged. The clutch is oil-submerged with long-life friction materials.
Direct Select and Console Shift
E350 and E550 sedans feature a column-mounted “Direct Select” lever for gear selection, freeing center console space. Coupe models and the E63 AMG sedan retain a console shifter with Touch Shift for manual gear changes by tapping the lever. Computer control prevents engine over-revving during downshifts.
Adaptive Shifting and Driving Modes
Mercedes automatic transmissions adapt to road grade and driving style. They delay upshifts uphill and hasten downshifts downhill. The transmission computer adjusts shifting logic for both leisurely and more aggressive driving styles. Sport and Comfort modes, selectable via a center console button, alter shift points and shift speed. Sport mode provides higher RPM shift points and faster, crisper shifts, while Comfort mode prioritizes smooth, low-speed shifts for fuel efficiency.
4MATIC All-Wheel Drive
Shortly after launch, the 2010 E-Class sedan became available with a new version of 4MATIC all-wheel drive. Modern all-wheel-drive systems, like 4MATIC, provide year-round traction and stability with minimal weight and fuel efficiency tradeoffs. Mercedes-Benz has sold over 1.2 million 4MATIC vehicles, and all-wheel drive is increasingly popular in the luxury market. 4MATIC provides continuous four-wheel traction for enhanced handling in various conditions.
In conclusion, the 2010 Mercedes-Benz E-Class showcases advanced engineering in its chassis, engine options, transmission, and available 4MATIC system. These technologies combine to deliver a driving experience that is both luxurious and dynamically capable, making it a benchmark in its class. For car detailing professionals and enthusiasts, understanding these technical aspects is key to appreciating and maintaining these sophisticated vehicles.
